Comparative Study on Spatial Digital Mapping Methods of Soil Nutrients Based on Different Geospatial Technologies

Soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), and potassium (AK) are important indicators of soil fertility when undertaking a quality evaluation. Obtaining high-precision spatial distribution map nutrients is great significance for the differentiated management nutrient resources reducing non-point source pollution. However, heterogeneity lead to uncertainty in modeling process. To determine best interpolation method, terrain, climate, vegetation factors were used as auxiliary variables participate investigation present study. We mean error (ME), absolute (MAE), root square (RMSE), accuracy (Acc) dataset comprehensively compare performance four different geospatial techniques: ordinary kriging (OK), regression (RK), geographically weighted (GWRK), multiscale (MGWRK). The results showed that hybrid methods (RK, GWRK, MGWRK) could improve prediction certain extent residuals spatially correlated; however, this improvement was not significant. new MGWRK model has advantages overall residual level, but it failed achieve desired accuracy. Considering cost modeling, OK method still provides an with relatively simple analysis process reliable results. Therefore, may be more beneficial design sampling rationally obtain higher-quality variable data than seek complex statistical This research reference mapping at farmland scale.